General elections were held on 2 October to elect the president, vice president, and the National Congress; no candidates received more than half the votes, leaving Brazilians with a four-week campaign ahead with Lula da Silva against Bolsonaro

President Lula will undergo a second surgery - a “complementary” procedure - to address a brain bleed caused by an October fall; as Brazil's oldest sitting president, Lula has inspired his followers, leading to several gatherings in Brasília for support

Federal Police accused ex-President Jair Bolsonaro and 36 others of plotting a coup after his 2022 election loss, with charges sent to the Supreme Court for potential trial, while Bolsonaro denies wrongdoing

Brazil has been re-verified as measles-free by the Pan American Health Organization, marking the Americas' return to endemic measles-free status; this follows Brazil’s intense efforts in vaccination, surveillance, and rapid response to cases